Croatian Glagolitic Culture in Istria
Darko Žubrinić, 2008
www.croatianhistory.net/etf/istria.html
An essential part of Croatian Glagolitic heritage can be found in the area of Istria, the largest Croatian peninsula. According to Branko Fučić's fundamental monograph Glagoljski natpisi, about a half of epigraphic (i.e. carved in stone or chiselled on walls or other surfaces) Croatian Glagolitic monuments only can be found in Istria. This 1982 monograph provides a list of about 500 such items, with numerous subitems. Since 1982 many new epigraphic monuments have been discovered, 300-400 (according to Željko Bistrović, Rijeka), mostly in Istria, the Rijeka region, and in the Zadar area (due to Nedo Grbin), and especially important are those discovered in the Dubrovnik area, dating from 11th century. Here one also has to take into account that significant number of Croatian Glagolitic monuments, books and manuscripts has been destroyed during the Turkish occupation, especially in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the region of Lika and in the Zadar area.
The oldest known epigraphic Croatian Glagolitic monuments:
- the Plomin tablet (11th century; dr. Marica Čunčić from 10th century); also according to academician Branko Fučić - information provided in [academician Anica Nazor, Knjiga o hrvatskoj glagoljici]
- the Grdoselo fragment (11/12th centuries)
- the Supetar fragment (Sv. Petar u Šumi, i.e. St. Peter in the Wood, 12th century)
- the Hum graffitto (12th century)
- the Roč abecedarium (approx. 1200)
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The above map was a part of documentation intended for international legal institutions in Europe which had to resolve the problem of international boundaries in Istrian peninsula after the WWII. It indicates Catholic churches which used the Glagolitic liturgy until 1918. The documentation was prepared in English, French and Russian. Some of the most important Glagolitic monuments and manuscripts originate from Istria, for example,
Istrian Boundaries is the earliest known international diplomatic monument written in Croatian language, comprising 53 pages. It mentions Croatian name expressly as many as 25 times. It is not only an important legal document for Croatia, but also a literary monument of Croatian language. See below for more information about Istrian Boundaries from 1275-1395. Croatian name in glagolitic texts from around 1100 until 17th century
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The above map was also a part of the documentation intended for international legal institutions in Europe which had to resolve the problem of international boundaries in Istria after the WWII. It indicates various sites containing Croatian Glagolitic monuments in Istria and on nearby islands. Black triagles indicate the places with Glagolitic documents (for example church records of births, deaths, baptised, records of marriages etc.), black squares refer to public notaries, black discs to glagolitic inscriptions, and the circles to other documents like glagolitic missals and breviaries.
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Croatian
Glagolitic
Breviary from Istria, 15th
century.
It was also a part of the documentation.
Church
records from Istria written in Croatian
Glagolitic quickscript
in 16-17th centuries.
It was also a part of the documenation.
Dr. Božo Milanović (1890.-1980.), istaknuti hrvatski svećenik iz Istre
The Role of Croatian Glagolitic Script in the Political Destiny of Istria after the WW2
Glagolitic
epigraphic inscriptions in Istria (i.e. those chiselled on walls or
other hard material), a map from [Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi,
1982]. So this map does not include thousands of glagolitic texts on
paper or vellum (books, note-books, individual leaves, church records,
etc.). Enormous
amount of Croatian glagolitic heritage handwritten or printed on paper
or vellum is kept outside
of Croatia, according to my
evidence in 27
countries and about 60 cities
(mostly in Western Europe).
Glagolitic
epigraphic inscriptions in Istria and its vicinity, a map from [Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi,
1982].
This map is a detail from the following one.
Glagolitic
epigraphic inscriptions in Istria and its vicinity, an important map
from [Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi,
1982]. Meanwhile, since 1982 when this important monograph was
published, numerous new glagolitic epigraphic inscriptions were
discovered (in my opinion more than a hundred), also in Slavonia on the
North of Croatia, and in Konavle on the South-East of Croatia, near Dubrovnik.
The above map is a continuation of previous similar endavours due to Rudolf Strohal
[JPG],
who tried to evidence and classify enormous and amazing Croatian glagolitic heritage.
Župe u kojima se u Istri sigurno glagoljalo [Radetić, str. 88]:
Prema [Radetiću, str. 88], da se je glagoljalo od Lima do Fažane, u Balama i Vodnjanu, dokazuju otkrića u župnim knjigama krštenih u Vodnjanu, gdje se upisivalo u knjigu krštenih negdje latinski, a negdje glagoljicom. |
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Some of outstanding Istrian towns with strong glagolitic tradition are Roč, Hum, Draguć, Beram, Lovran, Lindar (near Pazin), Barban, convents in Božje polje near Vižinada (near Motovun), the town of Kopar, etc. Istrian Boundaries, or Istrian Demarcation, in Croatian - Istarski razvod, is a document which was created over the period of 1275-1395, that is, strating in the 13th century. It defines borders (kunfini) between the Patriarchate of Aquileia, the Principality of Pazin and the Republic of Venice. Istarski razvod, [PDF]
5.5 MB The document was written on the basis of still earlier legal sources, dating back to 11th and 12th centuries. It was written paralelly in Latin, German and Croatian. Latin and German texts were written in the Latin Script, while Croatian text was written in the Glagolitic. Only the Glagolitic version is preserved in the form of its copy from the 16th century, comprising 53 pages. From this copy we know that it was written by Mikula Gologorički. This old Croatian Glagolitic text reveals us that also Latin and German versions existed, but unfortunately, they had been lost. Istarski razvod
mentions Croatian name (hrvacko
ime) expressly at least 25 times.
Here is a typical example:
Istarski razvod, 1. dan (Istrian Boudnaries, The 1st Day) Croatian name in glagolitic
texts
from around 1100 till 17th century. The above expression "jazikom latinskim i hrvackim" is a proof that the Croatian name for Croatian language was in use at least since 1275, that is, more than two centuries before the discovery of America. See [Vlahov, Zbirka glagoljskih isprava iz Istre].
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Istrian Boundaries, 1275-1395, is kept in the National and University
Library in Zagreb.
Istarski
razvod - Istrian Boundaries, 1275-1395.
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There are Italian and Latin translations from Croatian glagolitic, dating from the 16th century, which kept the original Croatian names for many places, a proof that the population in the Istrian hinterland was dominantly Croatian. By its juridical and literary value it can be ranked among the most interesting documents of that time in Europe. It is also the oldest international diplomatic document written in Croatian. Earlier written documents bear witness to the presence of the Croats in Istria from the seventh century. See a nice web page about Istrian Book of Boundaries provided by The British Library, London. Istrian Boundaries is not only important legal document. It is oustanding monument of Croatian language. We should also mention that it had also political importance, especially after the the Second world war, when the international status of Istrian peninsula had to be resolved. It has been published for the first time by Ante Starčević in 1852. Istrian Boundaries from 1275-1395 mention some even older charters, which were used in order to establish the boundaries, see [Kirac, p 221]:
We mention in passing that the oldest known charter written in the Croatian Glagolitic script is slightly older: Darovnica slavnoga Dragoslava (Muniment of famous Dragoslav) from January 1st, 1100. It comes from the island of Krk, and its copy is preserved from the 16th century. According to Branko Fučić we know that the meaning of grm (= bush in contemporary literary Croatian), mentioned in Istrian Boundaries, is hrast ( = oak). In some Istrian villages people still use the name of grm meaning oak, not a bush. In an interview published in Fokus (30
September 2005), Croatian academician Petar Simunovic explained that
the name of Srb originates from an old Croatian verb serbati, srebati
meaning "to sip", from which the noun "srb" has been derived. Thus
"srb" denotes the spring of river Una, where the village lies. Compare
this with the villages of Srbani
(near Pula), and Srbinjak,
both in Istria, which clearly have nothing to do with the Serbian name.
The Istarski razvod
from 13th century mentions the name of
Srbar, meaning a water spring.
More precisely, there is a dozen of occasions in the text where we
encounter "lokva Srbar",
meaning "Srbar pool" (lokva = pool). U Istarskom
razvodu spominje se nekoliko
hidronima s korijenom SRB: luka
Srber (Kirac, str. 320), lokva
Srbar (2x na str. 320, opet na
str. 321), Srbar
i srbarski
(str. 336), Srbar (str. 337). I današnje mjest SRB u Lici je hidronim,
a ne
etnonim. Informacija ljubaznošću dr. Vladimira Sokola, te
akademika
Petra Šimunovića. U [Sokol & Sokol,
str. 29], to je naglašeno ovim riječima:
U bilježničkim zapisima 1353.-1354. od zadarskog notara Andrije pok. Petra iz Cantua objavljen je jedan ugovor od 17.11.1354. u kojem piše ...Iursa condam Pervoslavi de Serbo, districtus Corbavie... (Jurša pok. Prvoslava iz Srba, iz Krbavskog distrikta). Izvor je ova knjiga: Andreas condam Petri de Canturio. Quaterni imbreviaturarum 1353-1355./Andrija pok. Petra iz Cantua. Bilježnički zapisi 1353-1355. Prepisao latinski tekst te izradio hrvatske sažetke i kazala Robert Leljak. S izvornikom sravnio, izvršio redakciju teksta i kazala te izradio kritički aparat i bilješke Josip Kolanović, sv. 1, Notarilia Iadertina/Spisi Zadarskih bilježnika 4, Zadar, Državni arhiv u Zadru, 2001., 783 str. Prikaz Damira Karbića o toj knjizi: [PDF].
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Č F O V (1583.) miseca ............... v
to pisa pop Mihovil Klunič iz Ližnana kada be došal
(v) Selo Rovinsko
Many thanks to Mr. Anton Meden,
Kanfanar, for the photo and transcription of the glagolitic text
from the church of Majka Božja Sniježna near Rovinjsko Selo.
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ACTA CROATICA Istria in Acta croatica by Ivan Kukuljević Skacinski, 1863.:4. svibnja 1325. Razvod međa posjedovanja patrijarha oglejskoga, općine pazinske, vlasti mletačke i drugih vlastelina u Istri. Istarski razvod (od 1275. do 1395.) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 2. studena 1395. Razvod međa među Mošćenicom i Kožljakom u Istri. Istarski Razvod. 46 47 1463. U Istri. Bilješke u hrvatskom psaltiru Petra Fraščića. 93 94 1463. Napis na štremnom zidu crkvice sv. Antuna na Vrhu blizu Pazina u Istri. 94 1492. Napis na grobom velikom kamenu u negdašnjoj pavlinskoj crkvi u Čepiću u Istri. 150 ... Znamo i za druge razvode u Istri, ne samo Istarski razvod, ali su se izgubili, vidi [Radetiću, str. 88-93]:
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Glagoljica na
Bujštini, film Josipa i Inočente Ružić iz 1995.,
prema scenariju i tekstu vlč. Mladena Juvenala Milohanića
Hrvatski glagoljički natpisi i grafiti u Istri nalaze se u ovim mjestima (izvor [Branko Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi]; uključeno je i nekoliko mjesta u slovenskom dijelu Istre; ukupno barem 91 naselje): Bačva,
Bale, Barban, Belaj,
Beram, Boljun, Borut, Brest,
Brkač, Brseč, Brul, Butoniga, Buzet,
Cerjon, Cerovlje, Čepić, Čepići, Črinikal, Dolenja Vas, Draguć,
Dvigrad, Dvori nad Izolo, Gažon, Gologorica, Gračišće,
Gradinje,
Grdo Selo, Grimalda, Grožnjan, Hrastovlje, Hum, Kaldir, Kastav,
Koštabona, Kožljak, Krnica, Kršan,
Kršikla,
Labin, Labinci, Lindar, Lovran, Lovreč, Mali Mlun,
Marčenigla,
Materada, Medulin, Mošćenice, Mutovran, Oprtalj, Paz, Pazin,
Pićan, Plomin, Pomjan, Predloka, Previš, Pridvor, Puče,
Pula,
Radovani, Rakalj, Rakotule, Roč, Rovinjsko selo, Rukavac,
Savičenta, Selina, Slum, Sorbar, Sovinjak, Svet Ivanac, Sv.
Ivan
od Šterne, Šorići, Šterna,
Štrped,
Šumber, Šušnjevic, Trviž, Veprinac,
Višnjan, Vižinada, Volosko, Vodnjan, Vranja,
Zamask,
Zanigrad, Zarečje, Završje, Zrenj, Žminj,
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Lucidar is a Middle Age Encyclopaedia, translated from Czech source into Croatian Glagolitic in the 14th century. It describes the legendary mount of Učki as follows: Vaspet je jedna vlast jaže zovet se Istrija. I v toi zemlji e jedna gora jaže zovet se latinski Olifnos jaže je Učka. I te gori visokost ide daže pod oblaki. This text can be found as a decoration of the curtain of the Istrian People's Theatre in Pula, written in the Glagolitic Script.
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Curtain
of the Istrian People's
Theatre in Pula.
Source: Glagoljaške pouke i poruke
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Beram is known for the small church of sv. Marije na Škrilinah, full of old glagolitic inscriptions, described in detail by [Branko Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi]. From the same place also the so called Ljubljana glagolitic codices also originate. According to Branko Fučić, about a half of the overall number of about 500 Glagolitic inscriptions in Croatia from 10th to 18th centuries can be found in Istria only. Since the time when Fučić's book was published in 1982, about a hundred new Glagolitic inscriptions emerged.
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Church
of Sv. Marija na
Škrilinah near Beram
is
full of glagolitic graffitis, source
Beram, 1431., župna crkva sv. Martina (Branko Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi)
1431. bi zidan Sveti Martin, biše pop Pilad, prošt Didak.
Beram,
župna crkva sv.
Martina, 1493. Kopija na Izložbi
glagoljice
u Rijeci.
IS = I(SUS)S'
S desne bočne strane piše glagoljičkim brojkama 1493.
Glagolitic
Č (črv) in the Breviary of Vitus
of Omišalj, 1396
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Some of the glagolitic books that were in the town of Roč:
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Iluminations
from the Breviary
of Vid
Omišljanin, 1368,
kept in the National Library of Vienna, Austria.
Note Sti. Ivn' (Sveti
Ivan, i.e. St. John) written above the illumination in the Croatian Cyrillic script.
A sample of Glagoljski brevijar Vida Omišljanina, written by academician Branko Fučić, has been given as a gift to pope John Paul II on June 5th, 2003 on the occasion of his hundredth apostolic travel, after he landed in Croatia on the Omišalj airport on the island of Krk. Twenty years earlier (1983) the same Pope proclaimed him a knight Commendator of the Order of St Gregory the Great. See [Galović, p. 221].
Bust of Šimun Greblo in front of the church of St.
Bartolomej
opat in Roč
Roč abecedarium from 1200 in the church of St. Antun opat in Roč (photos by DŽ)
Votive cross in the church of St. Bartol in Roč
The
Roč abecedarium incised in the horizontal part of the votive cross.
Left part of the abecedarium. Note that ZELO has a flag oriented on the
right, while it is usually oriented to the left.
Also, IŽE, second graphem in the second line, has a triangle.
34 slova hrvatske glagoljičke azbuke u Ročkom abecedariju (imamo dva znaka za poluglas, a ne jedan, na poziciji 30 i 31)
Primijetite sitan lapsus u Fučićevu precrtu Ročkog abecedarija: iznad pozicije br. 24 treba doći slovo H (a ne K).
Također primijetite da u abecedariju imamo dva poluglasa, na pozicijama 30 i 31 (lijevi ključ i hrvatski štapić).
Čini se da je srednja okomita crtica na poziciji br. 25 za ot zapravo oštećenje (tj. srednje vertikalne crtice izgleda da zapravo nema). Inače bi slova na pozicijama 25 i 32 (tj. ot i šća) bila skoro potpuno ista.
Također primijetite da slova jat i šća (na pozicijama 26 i 32) imaju zamijenjena mjesta u odnosu na kasnije tablice hrvatske glagoljice.
Roč missal, 1420. National Library in Vienna.
A
lovely detail from the intial of glagolitic V (Vidi) in the Roč missal
written around 1420. The Roč missal, kept in the National Library in
Vienna, is among the most beautiful Croatian glagolitic books. Source [Badurina:
Iluminacije glagoljskih rukopisa u Beču].
Roč Missal writen around 1420 by Bartol Krbavac, source
of the photo
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The Roč missal was written about 1420, and is kept in National Library in Vienna, Codex slav. 4. It has 231 pp of vellum, and one more leaf from 14th century. It contains some additional texts written subsequently by various glagolitic priests in subsequent on its margins. On leaf 231: 1497. miseca oktebra dan 6. kada ja pop Grgur iz Senji prevezah sie knigi crikvi svetoga Bartolomeja v gradi Roči budući farman tu gospodin Ilija z Bribira i Gospodin Šimun Greblić a starešina Ivan Jelenić crikveni. Bog nam vsim pomagai i vsim pravovernim. On leaf 131: 1591. va vreme zveličenoga gospodina Paškvala Cigonni duža benetačkoga gospodina Nikoli Korat biskup teržačkoga, gospodina Nikuli Šalamuna kapitana... bje glad velik. Mni mi se po svim svetu... I v tom mesti Roči bje prodana kruha librica za soldini 12, vina žban 20 i mnozi od glada umirahu. Hvala Bogu, ja Ivan Benčić (?) za spomenute pisa.
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The Hum Breviary, a Croatian Glagolitic manuscript from the middle of the 15th century,
kept in the National and University Library (NSK) Zagreb.
Stranica
iz
Humskog brevijara, polovica 15. st.
Beram
Missal of Bartol Krbavac,
1425, kept
in the
National University Library (NUK) of Ljubljana.
A citizen of Copenhagen, Denmark, can see a Glagolitic abecedarium and a 15th century Croatian Glagolitic Missal in Det Kongelige Bibliotek (Royal Library), called the Copenhagen Missal. It is known that the missal was in the town of Roč in Istria, Croatia. Until 1839 the book in the Royal Library in Vienna, Austria, and this library later donated it as a gift to the Royal Library of Copenhagen.
The
Copenhagen Missal, the Royal Library Det Kongelige in
Copenhagen, Denmark.
Many thanks to dr. Mladen Ibler, Denmark, for the photos.
The Copenhagen Missal, Croatian Glagolitic missal from the 15th
century,
kept
in the Det Kongelige Bibliothek (Royal Library), Denmark.
In 2016, two fragments of a Croatian Glagolitic Breviary from the 14th century have been discovered in Klagenfurt (Kärtner Landesarchiv), written in Istria. They have been described by [Milan Mihaljević].
Hum
breviary, 1442, kept in the
Metropolitan Library in Zagreb.
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George d'Esclavonie, Croatian glagolitic priest and professor at Sorbenne in Paris around 1400, wrote the earliest known Croatian glagolitic manual for children by the end of 1390s, kept in the City Library of Tours in France. In his commentaries, speaking about the fact that along the coast, from Senj and Krbava, accross Rab, Osor, Zadar, Nin, Šibenik, and Trogir, to Split, all bishops and archbishops have a unique privilege in Western Christianinty - to use not only Latin Liturgy during the mass, but also the Glagolitic Liturgy. See the list on the document below (on the bottom left).
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On the same page he states Istria eadem patria Chrawati, that is, "Istria is a homeland of the Croats", see on the right in the rectangle.
On the first page of the manual he states immediately below the table of the Glagolitic script the following: Istud alphabetum est chrawaticum, that is, "This is Croatian Alphabet." It is interesting that this document was known to Croatian priest rev. dr. Božo Milanović, and the information about it is mentioned in the Addition to the Memorandum prepared in 1946. for the needs of the International Peace Conference in Paris, which had to decide about the international borders on the territory of Istria (between Italy and ex Yugoslavia) after the WWII. Croatian Glagolitic heritage had extremely important role for the final decision, and probably even decisive role. |
Missal of Prince Novak (misal kneza Novaka), 1368, kept in the National
Library in Vienna (former Royal Libary),
in the Department of valuables and rarities. It was bought in 1405 for
Nugla near Roč in Istria. Source of the photo www.stin.hr.
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One of the most important Croatian Glagolitic books is the Novak Misal or Missal of Prince Novak from 1368. It was bought from Peter from Krbava ("s Krbave") in 1405 for the church of Sv. Jelena and Sv. Petar in Nugla near the town of Roč, on the north of Istria. It served as a basis for the first Croatian printed book, an incunabulum published in 1483. Scientific investigations of dr. Marija s. Agnezija Pantelić have shown that the printing type for the first Croatian incunabulum was prepared according to the handwriting of the Novak Missal. The Novak Missal is kept in the National Library in Vienna, Austria, in the Department of rare and valuable books. Here is the text written by the above mentioned Peter from Krbava in glagolitic quickscript 1405 on a margin of the Novak Missal:
Va ime Božje i svete Marije, amen. Let Gospodnih 1405. va vrime gospodina patrijarhi Antona, gospodina i duhovnoga oca svete Marije Oglejske, crikve ki biše domaći gospodin po nature deželi frijulske, kuplene biše ti knigi ot kneza Petra, kneza Novaka sina s Krbave, za 9 zlatih ino 5. I kupi je dobar muž župan Ivan pridevkom Nirih, sin dobra muža Črnka, i župan Marin pridevkom Mišulin. I v to vrime biše Nirih župan v Nugle i biše obarčin i držitel blaga crikve svete Eleni i svetoga Petra v Nugle. I platista je blagom svete Eleni i svetoga Petra v Nugle. A sada gospodo redovnici i dijaci ki budete va te knige čtali, prosite milostivoga Gospodina Boga i nega mater Gospoju svetu divu Mariju za duše vse pravoverne hrstjanske, a navlastito za duše vseh onih ki su pustili ko blago malo ali veliko crikve svete Eleni i svetoga Petra v Nugle. I takoe vspomenite v svoih molitvah dušu župana Ivana pridevkom Piriha i dušu župana Marina pridevkom Mišulina ka te knige pripravista v Nuglu v crikav svete Eleni i svetoga Petra kako e zgora rečeno. In the Novak missalu there is a famous note by Juraj žakan from Roča written in 1482 about preparations to publish the first Croatian incunabulum (the first Croatian printed book) in the following year, i.e. in 1483.. Vita! Vita! Štampa naša gori gre. Tako ja oću da naša gori gre. 1482. meseca ijuna 26. dni to bje pisano v grade Izulje. To pisa Juri žakan iz Roča. Bog mu pomagaj i vsem ki mu dobro ote.
The famous 1482 text of Juraj žakan from Roč at the end of the Novak missal from 1368, written in Glagolitic quickscrip (with smaller characters).
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Missal
of Prince Novak, 1368
The
first Croatian
printed book
from 1483 was printed in the Glagolitic script.
Colophon of the 1483
incunabulum on its
last page:
Ljet
Gospodnih 1483 miseca pe- |
rvra dni 22 ti misali biše | svršeni
(AD 1483 in February 22 this missal was completed)
There are only 11
preserved copies of the first Croatian incunabulum.
Five of them kept
in important libraries outside of Croatia, and six in Croatia:
Jedan primjerak hrvatskog prvotiska iz 1483. pronađen je u Ricmanju kod Trsta. Tamošnji ga je župnik negdje između 1882. i 1896. posudio tadašnjem biskupu dr. Ivanu Glavini, no danas ga više nema. Vidi [Radetić, str. 94]. |
The first known incunabula in Croatian Church Slavonic language - editio princeps published in 1483.
Fotografije ljubaznošću Tamare
Runjak,
prof., Knjižnica HAZU
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As we already mentioned, the glagolitic priest Jurij Žakan inscribed the following Glagolitic quickscript sentence at the end of the the Novak Missal in 1482: Vita vita štampa naša gori gre...! (Vita vita, our printed book advances!). Obviously, this jouful exclamation is related to the progress in publishing the Glagolitic missal, the first Croatian book printed with movable type. We have to point out that the 1483 Croatian Glagolitic incunabula was printed in one of the most dramatic times in the history of Croatia. Large parts of the country were devastated and occupied by the Turkish Ottoman Empire already in the second half of the 15th century. The borders of the Empire were quite near the Croatian cities of Senj, Zadar, Dubrovnik, Sisak and Zagreb. Some Croatian scholars believe that the first Croatian incunabla was not only prepared, but also printed somewhere in Istria. Some other scholars think that the book was printed in Venice, while some propose Modruš in Lika. We know that for example the first Croatian printed manual for children was a glagolitic booklet printed in Venice in 1527. Šimun Greblo from the town of Roč, Croatian glagolitic priest living in Istria at the turn from 15th to 16th century, wrote several books: Kvarezimal, Tlmačenje od muki, Kvadriga duhovnim zakonom. He had a superb handwriting. He also wrote in the Croatian Cyrillic script, and his signature exists where he signed consecutively in the Glagolitic, Cyrillic and Latin scripts. In Venice there existed a printing house of Andrea Torresani, 15/16th centuries, which had an important role in the early history of printed Croatian glagolitic books. Several glagolitic books have been printed there in this period. It was very difficult for Croatian glagolitic priests to publish books in their homeland, since its large portions were occupied by the Turks. The border with the Turkish Islamic Empire was quite near the cities of Dubrovnik, Split, Zadar, Senj, Rijeka, Sisak and Zagreb. It was one of the most dramatic periods in the history of Croatia.
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Misal se čuva u odjelu za rijetkosti Nacionalne knjižnice u Beču (bivše Kraljevske knjižnice).
Žakan Šimun Greblo, Tlmačenie od Muki, 1495. Izvor glagoljica.hr (NSK, Zagreb)
Svršeno
bi sie tlmačenie od
muki Gospoda
našego Isuhrsta miseca marča na dni 5
a od negova roistva tekućih ljet
1493. Az Šimun žakan okožih
i ispisah sie tlmačenie v Roče i ja
rodom iz Roča. Bog s nami.
Isus nazaranin cesar judejiski. (zrcalno!)
Bog s nami
U Greblovom kvarezimalu (Tlmačenie od Muki) iz 1495., na kraju knjige se na praznoj stranici nalazi kasniji pripis iz 1511. g.,
u kojem je anonimni glagoljaš vrlo kratko zabilježio sljedeće događaje u Roču, kada je umrlo čak 480 ljudi:
Umre ljudi v Roči 400 t(e)re 80.
P G
(P G = Pomozi Gospode; tr = ter = tere = i, tj. veznik i)
Gornji tekst o potresu, ratu i kugi u Roču spomenut je u sljedećem članku (vidjeti bilješku br. 10):
Kao što je u članku navedeno, taj su zapis već ranije spomenuli Ivan Milčetić 1911. i Dražen Vlahov 2000. g.
Šimun Greblo, Kvarezimal, kept in the National and University Library in Zagreb
Šimun Greblo had a beautiful handwriting. The above text, above the plaster, is written in Croatian Glagolitic quickscript,
while below it his handwriting in Croatian Cyrillic.
Spomenik Šimunu Greblu u Roču
Šimun Greblo (15./16. st.) i Filip Cvitić
(20./21. st.), Roč
Beautiful
handwriting of
Šimun
Greblo from the town of Roč,
Tlmačenje Muke Isusove, kept in the
National Library in Viena, Austria. Source of the photo [Zaradija-Kiš,
Šimun Greblo...].
A testament written by Simun Greblo for Bartolomei Kovačić in the town of Roč (Acta croatica, Croatian legal documents):
+ 21. lipnja 1511. Šimun Greblo zapisuje oporuku (teštament) za Bartolomeia Kovačića.
Zahvaljujem Društvu krčana i prijatelja otoka Krka na organizaciji
izleta u Malinsku 28. rujna 2024. DŽ je tom prigodom snimio fotografiju
kopije tog dokumenta u Interpretacijskom centru DUBoak u Malinskoj
(zahvaljujem g. Alenu Karabaiću na vodstvu):
1511. juna dan 20 i 1.
Bartolomei Kovačić slab telom pameti zdrav odluči svoi teštament ...
svoim sinom Jurjom. I predamnom popom Simunom Greblom ki pisah si teštament...
štn od Bartolomeja zgora rečenoga. Ki odluči ovim putem dapušća ida...
blago ležeće i gibljuće (tj. imovinu nepokretnu i pokretnu). Svoi žene Kirine mimo to ča e bil dal ...
sinom. Stem patom da e ona gospa i gospoja nadisem kakoe rekal zane...
I da se hrane pri noi siroti nega pokoinoga sina Lovrinca. I žena nega ako noi bude ...
živit pri sirotah a po smrti nega žene blago Jurju nega sinu. I sirotam reč...
ako budu žive kih zručue Jurju v goveran i z materu spa...o... kako e zgora rekal...
vsi iskupite ki se pridu.
Ja pop Simun pisah. Računom kako se zgora udrži.
I pritom e rekal da e dlžan crkve svetoga Bartolomeja libar 20 i 4.
Za ne e dal pen crkve rečenoi hišu manu.
Budući da je na kraju spomenuta crvka sv. Bartolomeija, a Šimun Greblo je živio u Roču gdje se nalazi ta crkva, zaključujemo da je rukopis pisan u Roču.
Here is a remain of severly damaged Croatian Glagolitic missal from 15th century, kept in the University Library in Pula:
Dr.
Marica Čunčić: Pulski
odlomak glagoljskoga misala iz 15. st.
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Frane Paro, professor at the Academy of Arts in Zagreb, organized the exhibition of glagolitic printing in the town of Roč. The Draguć breviary from 1407 is kept in the Archives of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (HAZU). It originates probably from Krbava, and was in use in Istria, in Roc and Hum. The Beram breviary is in Ljubljana, in the National and University of Ljubljana. The book was written by glagolitic scribe and calligrapher Bartol from Krbava. His name indicates that he originated from Krbava, which once was a region with strong glagolitic tradition. It is known that Bartol from Krbava sojourned in Istria A bust of Šimun Greblo from Roč, a writer from 15-16th centuries, can be seen the town of Roč. In Roč there is a bust of žakan Juraj, who was the messanger of the first Croatian printed book. Croatian protestants: Stipan Konzul, Anton Dalmatin, Tabla za dicu, Novi testament, 1561...Croatian Croatian Protestants Stipan Konzul Istranin (Istranin = of Istria, in Croatian). His collaborator was Anton Dalmatin who served as a glagolitic priest also in Istria. Some of the books printed in all three scripts in use in Croatia (Latin, Glagolitic and Cyrillic Scripts) were
Damir Viškanić published his book Zapisi kapitula lovranskog, dealing with church records in this Istrian town, mainly in 17th and 18th centuries. It is interesting that a Catholic priest from Slovenia, empleyed in Lovran, decided to take the records with him to Ljubljana in 1920s, in order to be safe from Italian Fascists. The book is still in Ljubljana. It is lovely to see for example several notes written in the Glagolitic script about famous Lovran chestnuts ("maroni"). Unfortunately, the author of the book Damir Viškanić died a year before the book has been published in 2002. Damir Viškanić also studied the Brseč church records and inscriptions written in the Glagolitic script.
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Plominski natpis (11. st.; prema dr. Marici Čunčić iz 10. st., također i prema akademiku Branku Fučiću, kao što spominje akademik Anica Nazor):
Izvornik Plominskog natpisa u crkvici sv. Jurja "starog"; fotografirao Mladen Žubrinić 2013.
Plominski natpis prema [Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi]
Se e pis's' S' (tj. "Se je pisal S", tj. "Ovo je pisao S")
Gore kopija Plominskog natpisa na izvornom mjestu, dolje Fučićeva
rekonstrukcija
Plomin
inscription,
10th or
11th century.
Photo of the copy of the monument kept at the permanent exhibition
"Izložba glagoljice" (Exhibition of Glagolitic Script) in the building
of Sveučilišna knjižnica near Korzo in Rijeka, address Dolac
1, tel +385 51 336 901. The permanent exhibition has been organized by
Vanda Ekl, Igor Emili, and Branko Fučić.
Gore izvornik, dolje Fučićeva rekonstrukcija Plominskog natpisa
Sadržaj Plominskog natpisa je vrlo kratatk:
Se e pisl' s'
Iako je Plominski natpis bio poznat već 1850. g., kada ga je precrtao M. Sabljar, a objavljen je 1863. i u Acta croatica Ivana Kukuljevića Skacinskog, Branko Fučić ponovno pronalazi taj natpis 1949. skriven ispod osinjaka. To bi mogao biti razlog zašto je spomenik ostao neprimijećen i netaknut tijekom talijanske okupacije Istre od 1919. do 1943.
View
to the town of Plomin.
Many thanks to Mirna Brkanović
for these two very nice photos.
Grdoselski odlomak,
above, from Grdo Selo in Istria, 12th century.
Source of the photo www.vinodol.org
.
Grdoselo fragment, 12th century, kept in the parish church of Sv. Marija od Zdravlja
Supetar
fragment, 12th century
(Supetarski odlomak: AMEN' YJAKOV'; Y =
Iže)
has been found in
the convent in Sv. Petar u Šumi in Istra.
Hum
graffito
(Humski grafit)
from the town of Hum, Istria, dates from 12th century.
It says the
following: "For Martin the blacksmith 30 masses have been told".
Branko Fućić, Glagoljski natpisi, p. 199:
Po svom sadržaju "Humski grafit" je evidencija nepoznatog humskog popa glagoljaša, uparana šiljkom na oslikani zid u blizini oltara, o celebriranim takozvanim gregorijanskim misama. Nakon svake, uzastopce kroz 30 dana, odslužene mise glagoljaš je uparao u zid po jedan rovaš, a na kraju je zabilježio da je za dušu pokojnog kovača Martina izrekao ukupno gregorijanski niz misa i da je povrh toga niza preuzeo da odsluži na istu nakanu još jednu misu ("e vzeta" = intentio accepta).
Votive cross in the church of Sv. Antun opat i pustinjak in Roč, where the glagolitic abecedarium is inscribed.
The Roč Glagolitic Abecedarium (Ročki glagoljski abecedarij) has been found in the church of Sv. Antun opat i pustinjak. It dates from about 1200. See Ročki glagoljski abecedarij by Branko Fučić. The above drawing is by Branko Fučić.
Hum, interior of the church of St. Jerome (sv. Jeronim), full of Middle
Age fresocs and many Croatian Glagolitic graphittis.
Academician Josip Bratulić describing valuable frescos discovered by
academician Branko Fučić
Croatian Glagolitic graphittis
Draguć graffito (Dragućki grafit) is a glagolitic inscription found in the church of St. Elizej in the town of Draguć. It dates from 13th/14th centuries. See Branko Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi, p. 132.
Kožljačko - Mošćenički razvod (Istra), 1395:
Very nice pulpit in the Grdoselo parish church in the form of the glagolitic S (Slovo)
On the left is the pulpit in the form of glagolitic S, and above it (top left) the famous Grdoselo fragment from 12th century.
Many thanks to the gentleman who opened us the church.
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We know of four city statutes in Croatia originally written in the Glagolitic Script. Three of them are from Istria:
The fourth one is the Vrbnik statute from the island of Krk.
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Wall
drawing with Croatian Glagolitic characters in red ink from 15th
century,
in the church of Sv. Trojice (Holy Trinity) in Kastav
near Rijeka.
Source: [Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi, Kastav].
Darko
Deković (napisao opsežno
djelo o gradu Rijecu kao glagoljaškom kaštelu), Kastav,
2007., u ulici Zakona kastafskega
Opis crkve sv. Trojice u Kastvu desno od ulaza.
Postoji oporuka koju je kurzivnom glagoljicom pisao kastavski notar Ivan Pavlinić 1625. godine.
The Fraščić psalter from 1463 written in Lindar, Istria, kept in the
National Library of Vienna.
Note the horizontal lines drawn prior to writing, on which the
glagolitic letters are being
hanged like laundry on the rope. This is one of general specificities
of Croatian Glagolitic Script.
Colophon of the Fraščić psalter written by Petar Fraščić in 1463.
See the transcription of this text just below (cursive text).
The Fraščić psalter can be seen on the web pages
of the Austrian National Library.
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Two Beram breviaries from Istria are kept in National and University Library in Ljubljana. They date from 14th century and contain many subsequent inscriptions written on margins of the book in Glagolitic quickscript, concerning the history of Istria. The name of "Ljubljana breviaries" also appears. Draguć breviary, 1407 (Arhiv HAZU), Hum breviary from the town of Hum, Istria, 1442, see above. Frašćić psalter (Frašćićev psaltir, on the two photos just above) from 1463., writen on 131 leaves on paper and vellum, 13.5 x 20 cm. It was written by a priest Petar Fraščić from Lindar, near the town of Pazin in Istria. The book is kept in the National Library in Vienna. It is expressly called "psalter hrvatski" (i.e. "Croatian psalter") in the book. Written by Petar Fraščić from Lindar (near Pazin), it has 132 leaves of paper and vellum, and is kept in the Austrian National Library in Vienna (Codex slav. sign 77). On leaf 130 we find the following text (see the photo just above): Va ime Božje i svete Marije i vsih svetih Božjih, amen. Ljet Gospodnjih 1463. to pisa pop Petar i grišni pridevkom Fraščić komu je zemlja mat a otačastvo grob a bogatstvo grisi. I kada je pisah i nje kada bih v mišlenju da me misal prehajaše zač mlad bjeh i pročaja i pisah je v Lindare [u Istri] sedeći. I v to isto leto biše v Istri malo žita i gladno biše i ja dovole krat lačan [gladan] bih. I zato vas prosim bratija draga ki koli bude čtel sie knigi ako bim se kdje premrsil [zabunio] prosim vas ne proklnite me na [nego] recite: ako si živ Bog ti otpusti grihi, ako si mrtav Bog ti primi dušu v pokoj vječni. I spisah je godinu pre Mati Kubodskemu plovanu v to vrime počtenomu mužu rozumnomu. I on me plati i darova kako dobar muž i k tomu mi pomore s velike moje nevolje v koj ja bih. Bog mu plati. To pisa ruka grišna. To je tlk psaltira. Bog s nami, amen. On leaf 130 r, there is the colophon of (the final note) by Petar Fraščić, and under it Tumačenie
saltira that is, Description
of the Croatian
psalter
On p. 131 there is the following text written on the margin in Glagolitic quickscript: I ta milježm zgora rečeni i pisani bje pisan 10ti dan prvo neže pridoše kneza Ivana ljudi pljenat Istri. I popljeniše Boljun i Vran i Brest i vse pod Učku. I pridoše ot Pazina ljudi i hotjehu otet ta isti plijen. I pobiše kneza Ivana ljudi vele zlo. I bje ih mrtvo da i 18 i 70 ljudi ranjenih da i 70. A Ćić kneza Ivana 20 ino 8. I to bje ta boj stvoren na svetoga Fabijana i Šebastijana dan miseca jenvara let gospodnjih 1463. Bog s nami, amen. The introduction to the Frašćić psalter was published by a well known Croatian linguist Josip Hamm in Vienna in 1967. The Fraščić psalter can be seen on the web pages of the Austrian National Library. Pazin fragments are the remains of larger glagolitic miscellany from the 14th century. Kvarezimal i tlmačenje Šimuna Grebla iz Roča (Istria), 1493 and 1498 Croatian Glagolitic legend about St. Mauro (+284 in Rome), written in the beginning of 15th century in Istria, is a part of the famous Berčić collection, kept in the Russian National Library in St. Petersburg, Russia, one of the largest libraries in the world. Žgombić Miscellany, kept in the Archives of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, was created in the 16th century most probably in the region of the town of Roč. It contains the Croatian Lucidarium (Hrvatski lucidarij), a Middle Age encyclopaedia. Such a Lucidarium appears also in the Petris Miscellany. Gršković Miscellany, 16th century, probably from Istria Glagoljske isprave iz Brseča, Istria, 16th and 17th ct., for example Brsečka glagoljska oporuka from 1586. Statut grada Mošćenice (Istria), 1673.g. Razgovor od vetra i dažda..., pop Antun Brzac, Istria and Primorje, 17/18th ct. Istrian glagolitic tradition is deeply related to that of the region of Lika:
The towns of Roč i Hum deserve to be seen when you visit the Istrian peninsula, together with other lovely mediaeval Croatian towns with preserved glagolitic inscriptions, like Draguć, Beram, Boljun, Lovran etc.
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Glagolitic
inscription in Hum
Two
old Croatian glagolitic
inscriptions
near the main entrance to Hum, destroyed by hammer by Italian
irredentists.
Pismo akademika Branka Fučića kolegi u Slovačku Rijeka, 13. II. 1996. Dragi neobični čovječe! Dugo je Vaše pismo – cijela Vaša biografija. Drago mi je da ste se u Slovačkoj snašli, da Vam je dobro, da imate kreativno zvanje i da Vas k tome oživljuju i Vaši hobby-ji. Ja sam sada bolesnik i starac (rodjen sam 1920.). Po struci sam historičar umjetnosti i kulture. U životu nisam radio ništa što mi ujedno ne bi bio i hobby. Bio sam terenski istraživač, uvijek pješak. Sad me noge već ne nose. Vaša glagoljica – to je sve arhivski materijal iz Veprinca. Veprinac vidim svaki dan s moje terase ili s prozora: minijaturni grad u masivu Učke, iznad Opatije. Kuda se je sve po svijetu rasipala veprinačka glagoljaška baština? Najmanje je ima kod župnika u samom Veprincu. Znatan dio je u Zagrebu (Arhiv Hrvatske akademije, Državni arhiv Hrvatske), a sada ste i Vi vlasnik jednog dijela koji je dospio u Slovačku. Sve što ste mi u xeroxima poslali napisano je glagoljskim kurzivom u XVII. stoljeću (...). Što da učinite s arhivalijama? Morate odlučiti sam. U svakom slučaju mislim da Vašu glagoljsku gradju treba publicirati. A gdje? Čini mi se da bi to bilo najbolje u »SLOVO« Staroslavenskog zavoda u Zagrebu. S njima morate kontaktirati. Prijaviti im nalaz. Navesti podatke, u prvom redu količinu glagoljskih isprava. Evo Vam njihove adrese: STAROSLAVENSKI ZAVOD, Demetrova 11, 10 000 Zagreb (Hrvatska, Croatia), tel. (01) 272-957, (01) 278-684. Direktorica Zavoda je akademik Anica Nazor. Čitate li glagoljicu? Glagoljski kurziv? Ako ne znate, naučite. To nije ni nemoguće a ni teško. Sami izvršite transliteraciju na latinicu i objavite. Srdačno Vas pozdravlja Branko Fučić Izvor dr. Tomislav Galović: Uvodna riječ na otvorenju skupa, u Az grišni diak Branko pridivkom Fučić, str. 24. |
A letter of academician Branko Fučić to a colleague Slovakia Rijeka, 2/13 1996 My dear unusual man! Your letter is long indeed – your entire biography. I am very glad that you have settled well in Slovakia that you have been doing well, that you have a creative vocation and that your hobbies keep you lively. I am now an old and sick man (I was born in 1920). I am a historian of art and culture, and I have not done anything in my life which was not my hobby at the same time. I was a field researcher, always walking. Now my legs cannot carry me anymore. Your Glagolitic script – it is all an archive material from Veprinac. I see Veprinac every day from my terrace or from my window: a miniature town in the mountain massif of Učka, above Opatija. Where in the world has Veprinac Glagolitic heritage been scattered? The smallest part is with parish priests in Veprinac. The significant part is in Zagreb in Croatian Academy Archives and Croatian State Archives) and now You own the part which found its way to Slovakia. Every xeroxed document that you have sent was written in Glagolitic cursive in the 17 century (...). What to do with the archival material? You have to decide for yourself. In any case, I think that your Glagolitic material must be published. But where? I think it would be best appreciated in “SLOVO” by the Old Church Slavonic Institute in Zagreb. You need to contact them. Report your findings. Tell them your data, first of all the number of Glagolitic documents. This is their address: OLD CHURCH SLAVONIC INSTITUTE, Demetrova 11, 10 000 Zagreb (Croatia), phone (01) 272-957, (01) 278-684. The head of the institute is the member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts Anica Nazor. Can you read Glagolitic script? Glagolitic cursive? If you cannot, then learn it. It is neither impossible nor difficult. Do the transliteration to Latin script and publish it. Best regards, Branko Fučić Izvor Tomislav Galović, PhD: Introductory Remarks and Conference Opening, in I, the Errent Pupil Branko, Surnamed Fučić, p. 28. |
Croatian Glagoliti
inscription
from Kožljak
in Istria from 1590. (Exhibition of Glagolitic Script, Rijeka)
A
vellum leaf from Beram
Glagolitic Missal
from 1425 serving as a wrapping of a book.
(Exhibition of Glagolitic
Script, Rijeka)
Croatian Glagolitic
inscription
from 1470
from Gažun
in Slovenian part
of Istria.
(Exhibition of Glagolitic
Script, Rijeka)
Grdo
Selo Chronicle
(Grodselska kronika) monograph by Branko Fučić.
Hum grafitto:
Kovača
Martina je vse 30, je vzeta ino jošće jedna (reconstruction
by Branko Fučić)
important Croatian Glagolitic inscription from Hum in Istria from12th
century, containing very old Croatian glagolitic graphems.
The inscription was found the church of Sv. Jeronim near Hum
(Exhibition of Glagolitic Script,
Rijeka)
Croatian
Glagolitic in honor of
Gašpar Bekarić in Lovran
in 1595. in the churhc of St. Trinity
(Exhibition of Glagolitic
Script, Rijeka)
1595. Gašpar Bekarić, plovan lovranski tu leži.
Church of St. Trinity in Lovran
Crkvica sv. Trojstva u Lovranu
Plomin
Glagolitic inscription
from 1499,
hardly visible on the bottom part, in the parish church of Sv. Juraj in
Plomin..
The inscription was destroyed in 1921, during the Italian occupation of
Istria, 1919-1943. (Exhibition of Glagolitic Script, Rijeka)
Croatian
Glagolitic inscription
in Žaj
Šumber in Istria
from 1595. (Exhibition of Glagolitic
Script, Rijeka)
A fresco in Beram
in Istria.
(Exhibition
of
Glagolitic Script, Rijeka)
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Some of important Crotian glagolitic monuments have been destroyed by Italian irredenta, especially in the period of Italian occupation between 1919 and 1943. In Istria various glagolitic inscriptions were destroyed with sledge and chisel:
and other, see [Žgaljić] p. 39. During the Italian occupation of islands of Lošinj and Cres the last Glagolitic priest was Frane Krivičić from Valun. In 1930 the Glagolitic mass was still served in several places on the island of Cres, but in secret. See [Milanovic, pp 88-89]. Important book for understanding the history of Croatian Glagolitic Culture in Istria is [Kirac], completed in 1928, and published only posthumously in 1946, reprinted in 1990. On page 233 it is mentioned that some Glagolitic inscriptions on belltowers in Sovinjak, Lindar (near Pazin), and on the Motovun cemetery have been destroyed during the Italian Fascist rule in Istria. On p. 235 don Luka Kirac mentions numerous Croatian Glagolitic missals and breviaries that dissappeared from Istria. Luka Kirac rođen je u Medulinu 1860. godine. Nakon školovanja bio je kapelan pa župnik u nizu mjesta u Poreštini i Puljštini. Godine 1908. postao je zastupnik Sabora u Poreču. Kao veliki Hrvat borio se za buđenje hrvatstva u Istri, ali i njihova prava. Zbog toga dolazi u nemilost istarskih talijanaša te je već početkom I svjetskog rata u dva navrata prognan iz Istre. Godine 1919. dolaskom Talijana na vlast u Istri čak je neko vrijeme proveo u zatvoru. Na koncu su ga poslali u Rakotule, malo mjesto pokraj Karojbe gdje je bio župnik u razdoblju od 1921.-1931. No kakav župnik! Župnik s ograničenim kretanjem, župnik kod kojega se svako toliko radila premetačina. I konačno - župnik kojeg su ljudi iz Rakotula voljeli i kada god je trebalo skrivali ga i branili pred Talijanima. Don Luka Kirac je umro 1931. u Rakotulama i tek tada je vraćen u svoj Medulin. U svojoj knjizi "Istarski puti" spominje ga i Franjo Horvat Kiš koji ga je posjetio u Medulinu i, u fazi zatiranja hrvatstva po istri, ostao oduševljen njegovim entuzijazmom i ljubavlju prema Istri i hrvatskom narodu. Uz ostale obaveze don Luka Kirac istraživao je povijest, zapisivao narodne predaje, vršljao po arhivima, kopao po ostacima kaštela i gradina i ...pisao. Njegova poznata knjiga je "Crtice iz istarske povijesti", koju je završio pisati u Rakotulama 1928. godine. Nastajala je godinama, i godinama je rukopis don Luka Kirac skrivao pred Talijanima. Na koncu je rukopis predao Viktoru Caru Eminu i vrlo vjerojatno je zato rukopis i spašen. Prvi put je knjigu izdao Nakladni zavod Hrvatske 1946. godine Izvor swirl.bloger.hr Niko Žic (Nikola Žic 1882.-1960) je 1919. sudjelovao u prikupljanju i objavljivanju materijala da je Istra hrvatska. Vidi [Znameniti i zaslužni Hrvati, pod Žic Niko, str. 297]. Zajedno s Vladimirom Nazorom, Matom Tentorom i Vjekoslavom Spinčićem priredio je Spomenicu istarskih Jugoslavena (sic!) za Mirovni kongres u Parizu, objavljenu godine 1919. Bio je suradnik u znamenitoj Hrvatskoj enciklopediji dr. Mate Ujevića. |
Memorial
tablet of don Luka Kirac
(1860-1931) in his native town of Medulin,
a famous Croatian priest in Istria. Photo from swirl.bloger.hr
.
Don Luka Kirac (1860-1931)
Glagolitic
inscription in Sovinjak
from
1557, Istria, destroyed in 1921 during Italian occupation,
rebuilt in 1966. Photo from swirl.bloger.hr.
about the political destiny of the territory of Istria
Hum, Croatian Glagolitic inscription from 1552 on western part of belltower.
The monument has been devastated in 1921 during the Italian occupation of Istria (1919-1943).
Reconstruction by Branko Fučić:
1552., miseca marča na dan 16, va vrime župana ... Gržinića. Meštra ... Bastijančić
z Draguća ... pop Ivan (Cvitić)
Hum, the smallest town in the world (about 20 inhabitants),
with two streets, two churches, city walls, and Croatian Glagolitic monuments.
Glagolitic inscription of fra Bernardin Rabljanin (Brnardin from the island of Rab)
in Savičenta (i.e., church of St Catherine in Svetvinčenat near Kanfanar in central Istria), chiselled in 1554:
1554. to pisa
fra Brnardin Rabljanin
hodeći priko Istrije na tri
dni agusta miseca.
Ne biše dobra litina.
Vele, Bože, pomozi!
Vidi [Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi, str. 313]
As we can see, fra Bernardin Rabljanin is a glagolitic priest from the island of Rab, who visited Istria.
Many thanks to Anton Meden (Kanfanar) for the photo.
Hum 1562, devastateded monument
reconstructed by Branko Fučić, see Glagoljski natpisi.
Hum,
destroyed Glagolitic inscription from
1562 above the main entrance to Hum,
1562., miseca avgusta, dana 22, vrime župana Andreja Malinarića i pročie muži
A street in Hum in 2010, attended by members of
Društvo
prijatelja glagoljice -
Scripturae glagoliticae amicorum societas,
Zagreb
Hum 1609, Croatian Glagolitic monument devastated during the Italian
1919-1943 occupation of Istria.
Hum,
inscription on the parish church of Sv. Marija, March 13th, 1609.
Reconstruction by Branko Fučić:
Va
ime Božje, amen.Let
Godpodnjih 1609, miseca aprila 13, be osnovana sija crikav va vrime
pre Mateja Benca tr župana i starešina Martina
Gršinića.
Oršin, biskup tršački i meštar Juri
Gršinić.
The
following book might also be related to Croatian
Glagolitic culture in Istria. In
the Pierpont Library in New
York there is a 1527 copy of the
oldest known Croatian printed manual for children, printed in Venice in
the Croatian
Glagolitic script, in the printing house of a well known Venetian
master Andrea
Torresani. The
manual has 14 pages. Another complete copy is at
Harvard University Haughton Library in Cambridge MA, USA. Three
additional preserved copies are in Vienna (National Library), Oxford
(Bodleian Library) and St. Petersburg (State
Library).
There exists the sixth copy which appeared in 2006 at an auction in the
USA. It was sold for 35,000 USD
(infromation by mr. Ivo Dubravcic,
Delft, the Netherlands).
Since 2007 this booklet is in possession of the National and University
Library, Zagreb, Croatia.
It is known that in 1933 this copy
was in Dresden,
Germany. Below you can see the colophon of the first Croatian primer
for children: Stampani v Bene / tcih
po Andr / ei Torežani / iz Ažu /
le / 1527. Click on the photo
to see the corresponding part in
Italian.
Altogether 7 copies of the first Croatian printed manual for children
are known today. This book represents a very nice connection between
Croatian and Italian culture, in a dramatic historical moment for
Croatia (15t-16th century), when the border with the Turkish Ottoman
empire was very close to the cities of Dubrovnik, Split, Zadar,
Šibenik, Senj, Sisak, and Zagreb. Due to extremely dramatic
situation, it
was impossible to secure safe printing in Croatia itself. Despite this,
the
Croatian Glagolitic priests were capable to organize and finance
prinitng in Venice, which was spared from destruction. The first
Croatian incunabula printed in Croatian Church-Slavonic was published
already in 1483, only 28 years after Gutenberg's Bible. Furthermore, it
was the first ever Catholic Missal printed in a script other than
Latin.
Hum,
stone holders of a cross
Hum,
Croatian glagolitic inscription from 1545 on the stone table below
loge
(1545, in the time of župan Grgur Baksić), see Branko Fučić, Glagoljski natpisi.
Hum
graffitos in the church of are from 12th to 15th centuries.
Humski triptih s
glagoljčkim zapisom (Exhibition
of Glagolitic
Script, Rijeka)
V Hrstovo ime, amen. Let rojstva togoje 1529., miseca sktebra dan 20., bi svršena ta figura v Humi na slavu Gospodinu Bogu i svetomu Jerolimu po meštri Antoni s Padove (danas Kašćerga). I v to vrime biše v Humi plovan, gospodin Ivan Pečanić rodom iz ...ate. I v to let pokriše crikav sv. Jerolima i učiniše(?) figuru na antar svetoga Antona... i mali zvon postaviše i veće dobra stvoriše zač bihu v Humi muži dobri Juraj Gržinić i njega podžup Grgur Bakšić i ostali dobri muži. I v to vrime car Selimbeg zauja ugrsku zemlju i biše po vsemu svitu rat, nevera, neljubav, himba, užura. I to zapisah ja, pop Andrij Prašić rodom iz Bužan.
Izvor Branko Fučić: Glagoljski natpisi, Zagreb 1992.
A detail from the Hum
triptich, with a text written in
nice glagolitic quickscript from 1529. The Hum Triptich was created in
1529 and originally placed in the church of Sv. Jeronim in Hum, now in
Pazin. For more details see
here.
Monument
to deacon Juraj (Vita,
vita, štampa naša gori gre...! 1482)
in Roč.
Hum
breviary from 1442, kept in
the
National and University Library in Zagreb
Glagolitic
inscription about
building bell
tower in the town of Hum from 1470.
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Na zapadnom zidu humskog zvonika - kule nalazio se kamen s glagoljskim natpisom. Natpis je uništen 1921. kada su se njime "pozabavili" fašisti iz Buzeta. Kopija tog natpisa danas je u prizemlju Polače (gradske palače koju vidite na slici, a kroz koju vode gradska vrata u Hum). Tekst glasi: "1552, miseca marča na dan 16, va vrime župana... Gržinića. Meštar... Baštijančić iz Draguća... Pop Ivan Cvitić". Što nebrigom, a što namjerno, dio humskih glagoljaških zapisa (osim ovog) je isto uništen. Osim humskog grafita u crkvici na groblju nalazi se oko 40 grafita. Osim natpisa na zvoniku, ista "ekipa" fašista iz Buzeta uništila je 1921. još dva glagoljaška natpisa, ali su i oni kasnije rekonstruirani i kopije se nalaze u prizemlju Polače. Hum je poput Roča bio centar glagoljice, a neki su njegovi stanovnici glagoljicu koristili još početkom 20.st. Izvor: swirl.bloger.hr
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Draguć
Draguć,
glagoljički
natpis iz 1529. na freski majstora Antuna iz Padove
(danas Kašćerge). Izložba hrvatske glagoljice u
Rijeci.
V Hrstovo ime, amen. Let rojenija togoje 1529, miseca sektebra na dan 15, bi popisana ta crikav po meštri Antoni s Padove. I v to vrime bihu v Dragući muzi dobri (ki) to stvoriše popisati blagom svojim i vsega komuna: župan Juri Štrpin i biše njega podžup Fabjan, župan Krizman Krivič, župan Krizman Kurelić, ki biše guvernatur te crikve i ostali dobri muži v Dragući. I ja pop Andrij Prašić va to vrime stah v Dragući za farmana, ki to zapisah.
Izvor Branko Fučić: Glagoljski natpisi, Zagreb 1992.
Paz,
1461,
Let Gospodinjih 1461. i bi ta figura pisana va vrime gospodina Jurja
Pazara i njegova kapelana Andrija z Bužan. To dela mojstr Albert miseca
oktombra. I v to virme biše župan Vitko.
Predloka,
slovenski dio
Istre. Kustodija je izvorno bila
polikromirana i pozlaćena.
Let
Gospodnjh 1466. Va to vrime, v ko biše gospodin pre Mihel
plovan i gospodin Vid Sučerge farman,
to stvori mojstr Benko (s) Sučerge.
...ko Sučer(ge)
The 1492 glagolitic
inscription
on the
grave of Martin Mojsejević in the chapel of sv. Henrik u Dvoru in the
town of Belaj.
Boljun,
natpis iz godine
1590. o gradnji svetišta u župnoj
crkvi sv. Jurja. (Muzej glagoljice u Rijeci).
Boljun, inscription from the year 1590, about the construction of the
sanctuary in the church of St. Juraj (St. Georege)
Veprinac
Veprinac, 1574,
Veprinac, godina 1597.
Veprinac, 1555.
Zamask, kustodija iz 1576. Kopija na Izložbi glagoljice u Sveučilišnoj
knjižnici u
Rijeci.
1576. Pop Lovrenc Br...ić, Martin Jenetić.
Bačva, 1581. (kopija na Izložbi
glagoljice u
Sveučilišnoj knjižnici Rijeci)
1581. miseca jenvara na 22. preminu gospodin pre Stepen Deković, plovan
bačvanski, kemu je grob plaća a grehi otajanstvo i va ta grob da se
nima pokop nidan (ni jedan) mundani (svjetovni) i duhovan, razve ako bi
ki redovnik bil od parte (roda) Deković, zač bi za ne pal grob na
špendije (troškove) bivšega Stepana.
Borut, 1560. Kopija na Izložbi
glagoljice
u zgradi Sveučilišne knjižnice u Rijeci.
1560., avrila dan 30., v vrime gospodina Adama... a. Ja Vid Vitulović
ordinavam mojim sinom i po njih semrti momu redu da guvernaju tu crekav
i oltar svete Marije ka je v crekvi svetoga Mihovila, a to ki bude
držal moje blago. Bi meštar Juri Švorc i Toma
Larutin z Goric. I v to vrime biše pr(e) Antun Kurelić
plovan borutski.
The village of Kršikla in Istria (some ten km NW from the town of Pazin) is in possession of Glagolitic epitaph of the village joupan from 1582 (see the description in Slov. (!) or na Engl.):
Kršikla,
glagolitic epitaph iz 1582.
The Zrenj glagolitic inscription from 16th century has been lost in the 19th century, but it content is known:
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Č.F.O.B. (1582) MAJA |
It informs us about a work going on the parish church in Zrenj. See Branko Fučić's article Glagoljski natpis 16. st. iz Zrenja, for more information.
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Kvaderna bratovštine svetog Bartula i knjiga računa općine Roč svezak je izvoda iz godišnjih računa nastalih između 1523. i 1628. godine, uz manji broj zapisa koji se odnose na još ranije godine. Uvezan rukopis ima više od 270 listova, odnosno oko 550 stranica. Original se čuva u Arhivu HAZU, kamo ga je pohranio I. Kukuljević još u 19. stoljeću. Izvor Zdenko Balog: Kvaderna iz Roča. Evo još nekih izvora za proučavanje hrvatske galgoljske baštine u Istri:
Akademijin brevijar (dio brevijara), čuva se u Arhivu HAZU u Zagrebu (signatura III c 12), a pisan je negdje u Istri. Ima 70 listova, tj. 140 str.
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Kvaderna
iz Roča, 1523-1628.
Source Zdenko
Balog: Kvaderna
iz Roča
Some Glagolitic graffiti are important for our knowledge of the outbreaks of epidemics in past centuries. So in the town of Lovran there is a graffito from 1558 mentioning "a sudden death" in which 50 people died in a single day. In Pazin in 1557, an epidemic ("morija") appeared, mentioned in another glagolitic graffito. See [Fatović-Ferenčić, Duerrigl].
Za povijest Istre važan je franjevac glagoljaš Franjo Glavinić (1580.-1650.), rođen u Kanfanaru. Kako je on sam zabilježio, roditelji su ga iz Glamoča u kolijevci prenijeli u Istru, bježeći pred progonima Turaka, da sačuvaju svoju katoličku vjeru. Glavinić je u Istri postao franjevac i tri puta bio je provincijalnim starješinom franjevačke provincije "Hrvatske Bosne".
www.cel.hr/kanfanar/licnosti.htm
Franjo Glavinić
U svojim tiskanim djelima Glavinić naglasuje, da piše hrvatskim jezikom, kojim se on ponosi i na njegovu slavu piše. U svom djelu Svitlost duše verne, tiskanom u Mlecima g. 1632 Glavinić kaže, da ga je napisao: "za ugoditi bratji i vernim, a navlastito hervatskomu jeziku ". Prvo Glavinića djelo tiskano na hrvatskom jeziku nosi naslov "Czvit szvetih, t.j. sivot szvetih itd. prenessen i szlosen na Harvatszki jezik", u Mletcima 1628. To je djelo Glavinić posvetio hrvatskomu knezu Vuku Krsti Frankopanu, za kojega kaže: "Inter nostrae nationis Proceres nemini secundus" = među velikašima našega naroda, koji ne zaostaje za nikim. Glaviniću, rođenu u Bosni, Vuk Krsto Frankopan, član stare hrvatske plemićke obitelji iz Hrvatskoga Primorja, jest velikaš "našega naroda". Tim on ispovijeda, da su i on i njegovi Bošnjaci jedan te isti narod sa svim Hrvatima u ostalim hrvatskim zemljama. Izvor: www.hercegbosna.org . Vidi također Darko Deković, Glagoljički prijepis Glavinićeve "Szvitloszti..." iz 1762., Zbornik radova o Franji Glavinicu, JAZU, Zagreb, 1989.
Stipan Konzul Istranin, a glagolitic priest from Pazin, translated into Croatian some Protestant books together with Antun Dalmatin from Senj. They prepared the New Testament in two parts, in 1562 and 1563, printed with Glagolitic characters in Urach in Germany.
Prema [Radetiću, str. 90], piše pop Pomazanić svome sinu Matiji, Slagaru u Urachu: ..."ča mi pišeš, da jeneki z Krana (Trubar!) pisal gospodinu Ungnoktu (Ungnadu), da te knjigi su rozumno stvorene, on sramotno laže. More bit da bi on hotel, da bi stvari bile složene na kranski jezik, ali aku bi bile po nih zakon postavlene, pak ih mi Hrvati ne bi rozumili..."
Znemeniti Krčki biskup i pobornik glagoljaštva, te osnivač Staroslavenske dr. Antun Mahnić (1850-1920) bio je 1919. na putu za Senj kidnapiran i nasilno odveden u Italiju. Dr. Vlada Stanjek i o. Radić zamolili su biskupa Mahnića da ne napusti borbu za glagoljicu. Mahnić je odgovorio da će u tom pogledu ostati u Rimu nepopustljiv. Vidi [Radetić, str. 75-79].
Bizatntski car iz 10. st. Konstantin Porfirogenet (tj. "Purpurnorodni") tvrdi da se zapadni dio tadanje hrvatske države prostire do rijeke Raše u Istri. Međutim još mnogo zapadnije od Raše postojala je Gočanska županija (vidi [Kirac] ili [Radetić, str. 21]).
Aleja glagoljaša (osobito Fučićev glagoljaški lapidarij u Bernobićima) između Roča i Huma; ne propustite posjetiti fenomenalan izvor rijeke Mirne u selu Kotle (odvojak kod Bernobića).
Glagolitic
S (slovo), Alley of
Glagolites, source
The village of Pruhari in Istria has an old Glagoliti cinscription on the local church dating from 1570. (many thanks to Nenad Bach for the photos):
U Akvileji u Italiji (između Trsta i Venecije), na jednoj freski u zgradi nasuprot glavnom ulazu u katedralu, jedan se glagoljaš Cvitković nepoznatog datuma ovjekovječio svojim potpisom:
Se
pisah ja pop
(ž?)a? Cvitković
Natpis se nalazi s desna, na zidnim freskama u hodniku koji vodi do krstionice. Fotografiju mi je 2007. poslao g. Alberto Černac iz Slovenije, kojemu srdačno zahvaljujem. Postoje i drugi kraći glagoljski natpisi na zidovima kripte.
In the church of Sv. Jakov in Kršanu a glagolitic graffiti was found in 1991 (Kršan is abandoned town north of the town of Labin, on the road to Pazin (in the mid 19th century the famous Istarski razvod was found there):
Pruhari, selo Mali Mlun pored Buzeta (kod Sovinjaka; vidi [Fučić: Glagoljski natpisi, pod Mali Mlun])
Crkva Sv. Ivana Evanđelista
Selo Pruhari, u zaselku Mali Mlun u Istri ima stari glagoljički natpis na crkvi Sv. Ivana Evanđelista, iz godine 1555. (zahvaljujem g. Nenadu Bachu na poslanim prvim dvjema fotografijama):
1555.
STAREŠINA
JAKOV VRNE-
TIĆ VA TO VR-
EME
The town of Lovran has three churches with Croatian Glagolitic inscriptions.
Lovran
- glagoljski grafit
pored i iza
oltara crkve sv. Jurja.
Lovranska
crkva sv. Ivana
također ima
glagoljske grafite. Prema informaciji koju sam dobio
ljubaznošću g. Frane Babića iz Lovrana, i crkva sv. Trojstva
u Lovranu, blizu obale, ima glagoljske informacije. Prema sjećanju
stariji osoba, neke kamene ploče s uklesanim glagoljskim natpisima
rabile su se kao građevinski materijal.
G.
Vjeko Martinko,
Lovranske vile
Lovran - Čakavski sabor
U lijepom gradiću Brseču u Istri nalazi se glagoljički grafit (Gašpar) u župnoj crkvi sv. Jurja:
Na
kugli u jednoj brsečkoj ulici nalazi se natpis MIR, a pored toga ULIKA
(= maslina). Kugla predstavlja plod masline. Izradio g. Ljubo de Karina
iz Brseča, koji u tom gradu ima i galeriju.
Vidi Kulturna
dobra Primorsko-goranske županije.
G. Ljubo de Karina iz Brseča vodi projekt izgradnje Bašćanske staze glagoljice na otoku Krku. Među inim je izradio glagoljsko slovo L visoko 4,45 m i teško 20 tona, postavljeno u Jurandvoru 2008, odmah kraj crkvice sv. Lucije u kojoj je pronađena znamenita Bašćanska ploča.
Autor
Ljubo de Karina u
sredini, do njega
prof. Branka Polonijo, voditeljica udruge Sinjal iz Baške,
župan Zlatko Komadina i dr. Milivoj Dujmović, idejni začetnik
Glagoljaškog puta.
Izložba glagoljice u Rijeci, Vanda Ekl i Branko Fučić
Crkva sv. Petra kod Mošćenica u Istri, s glagoljaškom škropionicom iz godine 1573.
Monumentalni kameni spomenik hrvatskim braniteljima u obliku križa, visokog 9 m, na obali Dunava u gradu Vukovaru, dar Istrana, s natpisom "Navik on živi ki zgine pošteno" (Uvijek živi onaj tko umre posteno; knez i pjesnik Fran Krsto Frankapan) klesanim glagoljicom.
Spomenik je težak 40
tona, a izrađen je od kamena iz Istre (zahvaljujem g. Ljubi De Karini
iz Brseča na ovom podatku). Spomenik predstavlja dar Hrvata iz Istre
gradu Vukovaru.
Navik
on živi ki zgine pošteno
Vidi Glagoljaški
izleti za više
pojedinosti.
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Aleja glagoljaša, by Želimir Janeš and Josip Bratulić Home of the Glagolites, by Reprezent Istrian Frescos (in German), by Reprezent Bašćanski glagoljaški put, Ljubo de Karina Božo Milanović, Branko Fučić, s. Agnezija Pantelić, Ljubo Margetić Lovranske vile, Vjeko Martinko, Oraj Žminj, Čakavski sabor, Pino Kuhar (Poreč) Pješački put od Mošćenica do Roča
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Kopar is a town in Slovenian part of Istrian penisula. Source: [Glavina]
Sv. Stolica je na traženje biskupa Dragutina Nežića dne 27. rujna 1952. ponovno dozvolila pjevane mise na staroslavenskom jeziku u čitavoj Istri, vidi [Radetić, str. 103]. |
Prenosimo prilog iz knjige zadarskoga glagoljaša Stjepana Ivančića, Povjestne crte o samostanskom III Redu sv. O. Franje po Dalmaciji, Kvarneru i Istri, Zadar, 1910, str. 235-237, i to doslovce prema hrvatskom pravopisu prije točno 100 godina, tj. 1910. Crkva i Samostan sv. Grgura u Kopru. (1467). Godine 1467. koparski plemić Franjo de Spalatis bio darovao O. Martinu Novaku zadraninu, neku kuću s obližnjim vrtom i drugim zemljama tik gradskih vrata zvanih Bunedraga u Kopru [grad Kopar u današnjoj Sloveniji, D.Ž.]. Ova se je kuća nalazila kod crkve sv. Andrije, pa je darovatelj, pridržavajuć si pravo vlastništva, nalagao redovnicima, da imaju služiti u toj crkvi svakog tjedna jednu Misu zanj i njegove pokojne. Sliedeće je godine, premjestiv se u Mletke, opozvao po nagovoru O. Martina prvašnje darovanje i novom oporukom 12. rujna 1468. predao mu pomenuti posjed odričuć se svakoga ma i kojekakvoga prava, koje si bio u prvašnjoj odluci pridržao. Na tom su mjestu u crkvi sv. Andrije vršili trećoredski redovnici bogoslužje dakako glagolski, do blizu deset godina uz privolu ondašnjega biskupa, komu su ti novi redovnici bili veoma na ruku za duhovno nastojanje hrvatskog pučanstva, to u gradu, to u njegovoj okolici. Nu tako bez vlastite redovničke crkve, nije se dalo dulje ostati revnomu starješini O. Martinu, pa da odoli svojoj bogoljubnosti i da si u tom pogledu zadobi potrebite oblasti podje u Rim g. 1477. Kako je bio u običaju onoga doba, on pokloni laternaskoj Bazilici, uživale su sve i pojedine povlasti njoj osobite a povrh toga bile su neodvisne od svakojake vlasti. Vrativ se O. Martin u Kopar, odmah se lati posla te nakon dvie godine podignu liepu novu crkvu pod naslovom sv. M. Mandaljene. Od laternaskog se Kaptola nalagalo O. Ivanu iz Trsta redodržavniku Konventualaca i O. Jakovu iz Kopra Čuvaru, da il oba zajedno il pojedini od njih na ime Kaptola blagoslove prvi temeljni kamen. Do kraja godine, na staroj prostoriji sagradi i pristojniji samostan. Kao koparski starsješina prisustvova god. 1486. redodržavnom zboru obdržanom na Glavotoku, gdje bi zbog svojih zasluga jednoglasno uzdignut na redodržavničku čast. Svršiv troljeće svoga redodržavništva, vrati se u Kopar, gdje napokon oko god. 1490. pun krjeposti i dostojanstva sveto preminu. ... Koparski trećoredci ućivali su uvjek u onoj biskupiji počitanje osobito hrvatskih stanovnika, kojima su u gradu bili jedini pastiri. Osim što u svojoj crkvi sv. Grgura, oni su po svjedočanstvu tršćanskog kroniste Mainata (G. Mainati: Cronache di trieste. l p. 214) takodjer služili svako jutro za rana svetu misu na lagodnost poljodjelaca u crkvi sv. Tome. U obće četiri su ispovjednika nastojala vojarnu galija, koja je bila u Kopru, obavljali duhovne službe utamničenim i osudjenim na smrt pa i drugim Hrvatima stanujućim u gradu Kopru. Za ovakove službe, punomoćnik koparskih redovnika O. Antun Juranić, koji se otčinski skrbio i za pojedine samostane, zadobi i njim dovoljnu pripomoć od mletačke vlade. Odpisom 27. travnja 1792. bi im naznačena svota od 110 škuda, kojih je vlada primala kao dohodak imanja ukinute Certoze od Freijdenthal, i koje su potezali prije božićnih blagdana. Crkva sv. Grgura imala je četiri oltara. Veliki mramorni sa takodjer mramornim svetohraništem bio je posvećen sv. Grguru. Oltar takodjer mramorni sv. Antuna, na kojem bilo hranište (custodia), gdje se čuvao krasni sredbni moćnik sa moćima presv. Križa, sv. Grgura i sv. Antuna. Druga dva oltara presv. Križa i sv. Osvalda bila su pozlaćenog drva. Poslie godine 1806. bi ovaj samostan ukinut od francuske vlade: prisvojena zgradja samostana a crkva sv. Grgura posve razorena. |
Glagolitic singing in Istria
Hrvatski skladatelj Ivan Matetić Ronjgov (1880.-1960.) autor je Dobrinjske mise. Jedan je od prvih koji su notno zapisivali stare hrvatske glagoljaške napjeve.
Sopile su važno glazbalo u raznim prigodama (iz knjige Zasopimo sopile koju je napisao znameniti sopac Ivan Radić, Matica hrvatska, Rijeka 1995): sopile u krčmi, tijekom svadbe, sopile u crkvi, te na pogrebu Ivanu Matetiću Ronjgovu:
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Što je to istarska ljestvica možemo vidjeti prema načinu ugađanja para sopila (s dubokim i visokim tonom, tzv. vela i mala sopela; Istarska ljestvica ima tzv. ljestvicu tijesnih intervala (toni stretti); podatak dugujme g. Ivanu Pavačiću):
- prvi ili muški glas ("na debelo"): E, F, G, Ab, B, Cb
- drugi ili ženski glas ("na tanko"): C##, D#, E, F, G, Ab
Ovdje doista dolazi C## (cisis). Primijetite da imamo šest parova velikih sekunda.
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Izvor svjetlopisa: Melodije Istre i Kvarnera
Glagoljaško pjevanje u Istri:
Dan od gnjeva strašnom silom [MP3], crkveni zbor iz Lindara; izvor istrapedia.hr
Maša po starinski, Smotra starocrkvenog pučkog pjevanja, Sv. Petar u ŠumiGlagoljaško pjevanje u Lanišću (Ćićarija, Istra) - Gospodine, pomiluj i Slava - nedjeljna misa, 29. 05. 2011. Glagoljaško pjevanje je jedinstveno i autohtono hrvatsko crkveno pučko pjevanje koje se razvilo uz hrvatsku obalu (Istra, Kvarner, Dalmacija) gdje je postojala stoljetna i u svijetu jedinstvena povlastica da se misa i svi obredi Rimskog (katoličkog) obreda služe na staroslavenskom i starohrvatskom a ne na Latinskom. Tako se razvilo i jedinstveno pjevanje koje u sebi sjedinjuje ranu srednjovjekovnu crkvenu glazbu i folklorne elemente svjetovnog pučkog pjevanja dotičnoga kraja.
Glagolitic chant in Lanišće (Istria, Croatia), Kyrie and Gloria, Sunday Mass, May 29th 2011. Glagolitic chant is a specific and unique Croatian liturgical folk chant that developed on the Croatian coast where the unique privilage of celebrating the Roman Rite in Old Church Slavonic (not in Latin) existed for centuries. Every local area developed it's own typical musical form of liturgical singing on the basis of old early medieval Church chant and the local folk music.Video from Lanišće: see in Hrvatsko glagoljaško pjevanje (Croatian Glagolitic Singing)
Don Bartul
Ganza (Kaštel
Sućurac 1880. - Opatija 1968.), pokopan na Opatijskom groblju.
Na samoj ploči je navedeno da je zaređen u Zadru 1905., a ispod toga na hrvatskom staroslavenskom jeziku piše:
"rabe dobri i verni... vnidi v radost Gospodina svojego" (robe dobri i vjerni... uđi u radost Gospodina svojega).
Svećenik Bartol Ganza je službovao ne samo u Opatiji, nego i u okolnim glagoljaškim selima, na pr. u Veprincu,
(Zahvaljujem prof. Željki Treer na fotografiji)
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U istarskom gradiću Karojbi (između Pazina i Motovuna) otkriven je 2003. lijepi glagoljski natpis, uklesan u kamenu gredu s godinom 1518., glagoljicom i latinicom, te s popratnim glagoljičnim tekstvom u dva retka. To je prvi glagoljski natpis otkriven u tom mjestu.
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Hrvatsko glagoljaško pjevanje u Istri: Dan od gnjeva strašnom silom [MP3], crkveni zbor iz Lindara; izvor istrapedia.hr
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References related to Croatian Glagolitic tradition in Istria
Vjekoslav Spinčić: Crtice iz hrvatske književne kulture Istre, Zagreb 1926. (postoji pretisak koji je izdala Kršćanska sadašnjost)
Luka Kirac: Crtice iz povijesti Istre, 1946. (reprinted by Istarsko književno društvo "Juraj Dobrila" , Pazin, in 1990)
Luka Kirac (Medulin 1860. - 1931.) je gimnaziju polazio u Senju i Rijeci, bogosloviju u Gorici. Proučavao je povijest Istre, osobito doseljnje Hrvata u Istru. Bio je župnik u mnogim mjestima Istre, a od 1808. i zastupnik sabora u Poreču. Početkom I. Svjetskog rata internirale us ga austrijske vlasti. Nakon talijanske okupacije, talijanska policija ga je držala u kućnom pritvoru oo 1919., kada je uhapšen, sve do smrti. Spomenuta knjiga dovršena je 1928. Njen rukopis, kojeg je godinama potajice pripremao, skrivao je po pukotinama zidova, jer bi inače sigurno bio uništen.
Istarski razvod [PDF] from the above book
Ernest
Radetić: Istra pod Italijom
1918-1943, Zagreb 1944, with
afterword by Josip Bratulić.
Ovu
je knjigu nosio Božo Milanović u Pariz gdje se rješavala
problematika zona A i B, tj. politička sudbina Istre (vidi pogovor
Josipa Bratulića).
Božo Milanović: Moje uspomene (1900-1976), Pazin 1976. (especially pp 88-89, 157, 158, 169-171, 186)
- Glagoljski natpisi, JAZU (now HAZU), Zagreb, 1982,
- Iz istarske spomenicke bastine I, Matica hrvatska, Zagreb 2007., ISBN 953-150-791-1 (especially pp 173-351, Glagoljska bastina - Glagolitic Heritage); on maps on pp 204 and 205 Humac should be much more to the east - in Herzegovina; the same mistake appears in Fucic's article in Croatia/Europe, part I (Croatia in the Middle Ages); Fucic is not the author of these maps.
- Iz istarske spomenicke bastine II, Matica hrvatska, Zagreb 2007., ISBN 978-953-150-796-7
- Ročki glagoljski abecedarij, Slovo : Journal of Old Church Slavonic Institute, No. 25-26 September 1976.
- Glagoljski natpis 16. st. iz Zrenja, Slovo : Journal of Old Church Slavonic Institute, No.25-26 September 1976.
- Istarski razvod, studija i tekst, Čakavski sabor, Pula 1989.
- Zlatno doba hrvatske pismenosti i književnosti
Tone Peruško i drugi: Knjiga o Istri (Book about Istria, see an extensive article by Josip Bratulić concerning Croatian Glagolitic tradition in Istria), Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1986.
Papers by Dražen Vlahov, Pazin
Davor Mandić (ed.): Dva tisućljeća pisane riječi u Istri (katalog izložbe), Povijesni muzej Istre, Pula, 1994., see the article of Josip Bratulić under the same title on pp. 37-51, and the list of glagolitic items of the exhibition on pp. 61-64.
Croatian Glagolitic quickscript in Istria:
- [Fučić]
- [Vlahov]
- [Zaradija-Kiš, Šimun Greblo...]
- [Badurina, Boljunski...]
- [Jašo, Strčić]
- [Viškanić]
- Ernest Radetić: Istarski zapisi, Grafički zavod Hrvatske, Zagreb 1969.
Stella Fatović-Ferenčić, Marija Ana Dürrigl: Graffiti - Visual Memory of Croatian History [PDF], Croatian Medical Journal, 40(4):554-555,1999
Zdenko Balog:
- Kvaderna iz Roča
- Zdenko Balog: Roč u srednjem vijeku, Reprezent, Račice 2005.
Frano Glavina: Svećenici u obrani hrvatske Istre (pogled u slovenska presezanja na hrvatski teritorij u povijesti), Glas koncila br. 2, 11. siječnja 2009., str. 25, 1. dio, 2. dio u GK br. 3, 18. siječnja 2009., str. 25
Najstarji glagoljički natpisi na hrvatskom sjeveru, prema Branku Fučiću (Istarska danica 1972.)
Kasnije dodani Roč (Ročki abecedarij), Sveti Petar u Šumi (Supetarski odlomak)
Branko Fučić: Istarske freske,
Zagreb 1963.
Humska
biska s glagoljičnim
slovom S, u
malim količinama - vrlo zdravo piće
Glagoljička tiskara u Roču; osmislio Frane Paro, prof. ALU
Pučko
otvoreno
sveučilište
"Augustin Vivoda" Buzet
Humska konoba
Natpis na ulaznim
vratima u grad Hum:
Tom
malom gradiću
u pohode dojdi
na komanu tvrdu
toplina vri
G. Stjepan Bahert ispred Ročke konobe
Ročka konoba
Dobro
došli!
Fameja Staver (familija Staver), konoba u Žminju
Fameja Staver, Konoba
Krculi, Žminj
Gradska
knjižnica Opatija.
Zahvaljujem prof. Karmen Zubčić-Mandekić na fotografiji.
Dvegrajci,
udruga za očuvanje i promicanje nasljeđa - Kanfanar
U selu Zamask, u središnjoj Istri kod Motovuna,
pronađen je glagoljički natpis iz 15. ili 16. st:
To pisa Marko z t(e)ga grada.
Podatak i fotografija ljubaznošću g. Antona Medena iz Kanfanara godine
2015.
Autori tog čitanja su Anton Selar, Darko Komšo, Željko Bistrović i
Anton Meden.
Natpis je iz 15. ili 16. st.
Stubište u
čast dr. Vande Ekl, koja je zajedno s
Branko Fučićem priredila Izložbu glagoljice u Rijeci.
Ima li Branko Fučić neku ulicu u Hrvatskoj?
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Professor
Katica Šarlija
from
the village of Samarica, during the Glagolitic school seminar in
Ivanska
near the town of Bjelovar in 2008, showing Danijel Načinović's book.
A
young boy lives in
Zagreb, born in 1990's, bearing the name Roč.
The name was given according
to the name of the town of Roč.
We have an information that he is a honorary citizen of the town of Roč.
Daniel Načinović:Mali glagoljaši (Little Glagolitic writers), illustrated by Ivan Gregov, Primary school Vazmoslav Gržalje, Buzet.
Pločnik u gradu Rijeci, s glagoljičkim JE.
Dr. Božo Milanović 1890.-1980, istaknuti hrvatski svećenik iz Istre
Croatian Glagolitic Heritage in Lika
Croatian Glagolitic Heritage in the Region of Zadar
A small Croatian Glagolitic Encyclopaedia
www.croatianhistory.net/etf/istria.html